Chemical Pathology of Chemerin and Its Link to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
37-39
Received:
29 April 2017
Accepted:
1 June 2017
Published:
14 July 2017
Abstract: Adipocytokines have been widely recognized in scientific research in recent times because of their varied functions and roles in the body. One of such recognized adipocytokines, is chemerin. A review of chemerin, is presented in this paper with a view to assessing the pathophysiology involved in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Published literatures were analyzed with the aim of assessing the correlation of chemerin in relation to obesity and diabetes mellitus. Searched literatures and journals from various researchers conclude with the evidence of increased levels of chemerin in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients which might play a major role in the pathogenesis of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are needed to understand the factors correlating chemerin levels to obesity and type 2diabetesmellitus. This could enhance pharmacologic management of diabetic and obese patients.
Abstract: Adipocytokines have been widely recognized in scientific research in recent times because of their varied functions and roles in the body. One of such recognized adipocytokines, is chemerin. A review of chemerin, is presented in this paper with a view to assessing the pathophysiology involved in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Published liter...
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Review Paper on Approaches in Developing Inbred Lines in Cross-Pollinated Crops
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
40-45
Received:
2 May 2017
Accepted:
17 May 2017
Published:
24 July 2017
Abstract: Plant breeding aims to constantly develop crop cultivars with improved yields and quality and tolerant to droughts, diseases and pests. Use of genetically improved crop cultivars and better management practices are among the best strategies to increase food production and meet a projected doubling of food demand. Inbred lines are homozygous genotypes produced by repeated selfing with selection over several generations. It is developed and maintained by repeated selfing of selected plants. In cross-pollinated species with strongly expressed self-incompatibility, various techniques are used to overcome the incompatibility. The technique of doubled haploids may be used to produce complete homozygous diploid lines in just 1 year (versus more than 4 years in conventional breeding) by doubling the chromosome complement of haploid cells. Doubled haploidy is and will continue to be a very efficient tool for the production of completely homozygous lines from heterozygous donor plants in a single step. Haploids contain half the chromosome number of somatic cells. Anthers/stigma Contain immature microspores or pollen grains with the haploid (n) chromosome number. If successfully cultured (anther culture), the plantlets resulting will have a haploid genotype. To have maximum genetic variability in the plantlets, breeders usually use anthers from F1 or F2 plants. Usually, the haploid plant is not the goal of anther culture. Rather, the plantlets are diplodized (to produce diploid plants) by using colchicine for chromosome doubling. This strategy yields a highly inbred line that is homozygous at all loci, after just one generation.
Abstract: Plant breeding aims to constantly develop crop cultivars with improved yields and quality and tolerant to droughts, diseases and pests. Use of genetically improved crop cultivars and better management practices are among the best strategies to increase food production and meet a projected doubling of food demand. Inbred lines are homozygous genotyp...
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Inhibition of mRNA Maturation by Compounds Which Have a Flavonoid Skeleton
Masashi Kurata,
Mari Morimoto,
Yuko Kawamura,
Intisar Fouad Ali Mursi,
Keiko Momma,
Masakazu Takahashi,
Yusaku Miyamae,
Taiho Kambe,
Masaya Nagao,
Hiroshi Narita,
Yasuyuki Shibuya,
Seiji Masuda
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
46-53
Received:
19 June 2017
Accepted:
29 June 2017
Published:
31 July 2017
Abstract: Post-transcriptional modifications of nascent mRNA include 5’ capping, splicing and 3’ end polyadenylation, resulting in the emergence of mature mRNA. Recent findings indicate that mRNA splicing inhibitors can be potential anti-cancer candidates. Soy-isoflavone fractions displayed an inhibitory effect of mRNA processing among a number of dietary components. Two major components of the isoflavone fraction, daidzin and genistin did not have an inhibitory activity against mRNA maturation. The aglycone form of them also failed to inhibit mRNA maturation. Instead, compounds with flavone skeleton inhibited the mRNA maturation in the nucleus. Considering that the structural difference between flavone and isoflavone compounds is that B-ring is attached either on the 2’ or 3’ position of C-ring, respectively, anti-mRNA maturation activity may require a defined structural basis. These data indicate that compounds with flavone skeleton specifically alter the mRNA processing step.
Abstract: Post-transcriptional modifications of nascent mRNA include 5’ capping, splicing and 3’ end polyadenylation, resulting in the emergence of mature mRNA. Recent findings indicate that mRNA splicing inhibitors can be potential anti-cancer candidates. Soy-isoflavone fractions displayed an inhibitory effect of mRNA processing among a number of dietary co...
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